Dynamic balancing machine: working principle and application characteristics of dynamic balancing machine
Published:
2021-11-17 11:16
Dynamic balancing machine : Commonly used dynamic balancing machines contain a large number of rotating parts, such as various transmission shafts, main shafts, motors, turbine rotors, etc., collectively referred to as rotating bodies. Ideally, the pressure on the bearing is the same when the rotating body is rotating and not rotating, and such a rotating body is a balanced rotating body. However, due to various factors such as uneven material or blank defects, processing and assembly errors, and even geometric asymmetry in design, the centrifugal inertial force generated by each tiny particle on the rotating body cannot cancel each other out when rotating, and the centrifugal inertial force passes through The bearing acts on the machine and its foundation, causing vibration and noise, accelerating bearing wear, shortening the service life of the machine, and causing destructive accidents in severe cases. Therefore, it is necessary to balance the rotor to achieve the allowable balance accuracy level, or reduce the mechanical vibration amplitude generated by it to the allowable range.
The working principle and application characteristics of the dynamic balancing machine are as follows: first, the motor is started to drive the tire to rotate, and due to the existence of unbalanced parameters, the centrifugal force exerted by the tire on the piezoelectric sensor in all directions is converted into an electrical signal. By continuously measuring the signal, the signal is analyzed by the computer system, and the display system calculates and displays the size of the unbalanced quantity and the position of the parameter. In order to meet the unbalanced requirements, that is, the sensors and analog-to-digital converters in the system must choose products with high sensitivity, high sensitivity, and high precision. At the same time, in order to ensure the repeatability, the computer system must measure the electrical signal many times, so the calculation speed and test speed of the computer system are required to be high enough.
The transmission mode of the dynamic balancing machine includes belt drive, coupling drive and self-drive.
①Belt drive——The motor pulley is used to drive the rotor, so the belt drive requires the rotor to have a smooth cylindrical surface. The advantage of belt dragging is that it does not affect the imbalance of the rotor and has high balance accuracy.
② Coupling - Connect the main shaft of the balancer with the rotor through a universal joint. The characteristic of coupling drag is suitable for rotors with irregular shapes, which can transmit large torque, and is also suitable for driving rotors with large wind resistance such as fans. The disadvantage of coupling dragging is that the imbalance of the coupling itself will affect the rotor (so the coupling should be balanced before use), and it will also introduce interference to affect the balance accuracy. In addition, a large number of connecting discs should be made to accommodate different types of rotors.
③Self-driven—use the power of the rotor itself to rotate. Self-driving is a driving method that has little influence on the balance accuracy, and the balance accuracy can reach high, but only the special rotor whose structure allows it can use this driving method.
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